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Syllabus of Higher Secondary
Standard 8-9-10
Implemented From June - 2004 in Standard - 8, Implemented From June - 2005 in Standard - 9
Implemented From June - 2006 in Standard - 10

Standard 8
Social Science

UNIT ONE : SOCIETY AND PEOPLE IN MODERN AGE

UNIT 1:- 1 Learning Outcomes

• Students will understand and value - the widespread effect of the causes and the events which took place during the modern age.

• To know about the birth of Industrial Revolution and its effects on India as well as the World.

• To understand the form of the British rule in India and recognise its different types of governance.

• To understand the importance of the Revolt of 1857 and other known revolts.

• To value the non- violent methods of fight adopted by Gandhiji against the British rule.

• To understand the value of the long struggle for independence and preserve it.

• To value the sacrifices and contribution made by all the classes of society in the freedom struggle.

• To understand and value the contribution of the freedom fighters, like Bhagat Sing, Maulana Azad , Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose , Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel , Jawaharlal Nehru and various local leaders.

• To understand the revolutionary and national movements which took place outside India.

Syllabus - Topics

1. Rise of the modern age.

2. Industrial Revolution(1750 - 1850) - Its areas and its effects - Discovery of raw materials and market.

3. Victory of Europe over Asian and African continents - specially related to India.

4. East India Company and the Indian states.

5. Break up of the Mughal Empire - Rise of small independent states - Rise and development of the Maratha power and fall of Maratha power.

6. Arrival of the European people in India and establishment of British rule in India. 

   • Discovery of new sea routes. .

   • Portuguese (Firangi ) , Valandas(Dutch) , English and French

   • Spread of the British empire in India. Rise of British power in Bengal - Plassey(l 757)and Buxar(1764) wars. Subsidiary Alliance system of Wellesly , spread of British rule by Dalhousie (Khalsa policy),effects of Company's rule on India - social, economic and cultural areas , social and religious reforms.

7. Rise and spread of nationalism in India. Revolt of 1857 - a challenge to the British power

   • Armed resistance against the British power.

   • By Kuka caste - Santhals and various other local resistances.

8. Rise of Hindi national organisation.

   • Rise of moderates and extremists

   • English policy of divide and rule.

   • Division of Bengal

   • Swadeshi revolt

   • Establishment of Muslim League(l 906)

   • Congress session at Lucknow(1916)

9. Rise of Gandhian era

   • Role of Gandhiji- Gandhiji's Satyagraha and other ways co operation of the different classes of society in this movement.

10. Gujarat's role in the struggle for freedom.

11. Quit India Movement(1942)

12. National movement in foreign countries

    • Azad Hind Fauz and Subhash Chandra Bose

    • Acceptance of freedom in order of England France Germany Italy and America and division of India.

    • Factors leading to the division of India

    • Independence and exchange of power.

UNIT 1 Projects and Activities

• To collect photograph, pictures related to Industrial revolution, to prepare notes on discoveries and various inventors.

• To prepare an album of coins , pictures , stamps of British rule.

• To show the places of Revolt of 1857 in the maps of Gujarat and India.

• To prepare notes on social reforms and freedom fighters and collect their photos, pictures for an album.

• To prepare and display a card showing National songs , Patriotic songs and also Patriotic slogans.

• To arrange visits and discussion by the freedom fighters. 

• Show films like Gandhi, Sardar Bhagat Singh.

• To visit places related to freedom struggle eg. Sabarmati Ashram , Sardar Smarak Bhavan, Gandhi Smriti , Kinnariwala's statue

• To read about the episodes from the lines of revolutionary martyrs Gandhiji , Sardar Vallabhbhai in the assembly , arrange essay , debate competitions.

• To prepare a map showing various centres of freedom movement - map showing the Dandi March.

• To prepare a magazine showing the pictures of revolutionaries , their contribution outside India

UNIT TWO : RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT

UNIT 2 Learning Outcomes

• To understand the meaning of resources , its classification and varities.

• Importance of resources in our life

• To value judicious usage of resources for stable development.

• To create awareness about preservation of the resources.

• To understand the two important economic activities related to agriculture and productive industries.

• To understand the role of human resource in the economic development of our country.

Syllabus :- Topics of Study

1. Resources - Meaning and their types -natural and human resources.

2. Natural resources- its distribution - usage and conservation - Earth and land water, natural vegetation , wild life , minerals and energy resources.

3. Agriculture - types of cultivation - important crops - grain crops , fibre crops , beverage crops - development of agriculture , comparative study of two region(in context of method of India and any region of a developed country eg. USA , Australia and Netherlands) 

4. Animal husbandry and development of dairy industry- NDDB , agricultural university of Dantiwade- activities and research.

5. Iron and steel industries - comparative study of Jamshedpur and Detroit in USA

6. Industries - size , classification of ownership on the basis of size , raw material – main industries and their distribution - facilities and their development.

7. Textile industry - comparative study of Ahmedabad and Osaka. 

8. Information Technology - Bangalore and Silicon valley.

9. Human resources - its frame , changes in population , distribution and density of population.

UNIT 2 Projects And Activities

• Make a list of local and regional resources.

• To prepare a chart table, write ups , models of agricultural crops and industries.

• To visit farms and industries and make a report.

• To arrange activities related to the preservation of natural resources.

• To arrange for a nature camp.

• To prepare an album of animal life and make a note about their characteristics.

• To establish a nature society (club) and manage various activities.

• To show wild life sanctuaries and national parks in the map of India.

• To make posters, charts, maps, models showing - different types of crops, methods of cultivation, industrial production, population distribution, problem of population growth.
  Visit a slum or labour area and make a report.

• Make a note of problems faced by the people of slum area.

UNIT THREE : INDIA AND THE WORLD PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES

UNIT 3 Learning Outcomes

• To understand the Contemporary problems of India in relation to the human life in the world.

• To learn and understand the role of the member nations (international organisations in the social and economic development of member nation)

• To value India's efforts in preserving peace in the world and international understanding. 

Syllabus - Topics

1) Social reconstruction and social change.

1. formation of a society - Social reconstruction.

2. Factors leading to change and reconstruction of society.

   • natural factors

   • scientific inventions

   • industrial factors

   • religious factors

   • political factors

   • philosophical factors

3. Factors leading to obstacles in change - illiteracy blind faith orthodox beliefs

4. Effects of the change in employment technology education field

5. Present condition of Indian society - change and challenges.

2) Problems of the World

• environmental degradation

• natural calamities

• population and development

• poverty and hunger

• terrorism

• human rights and globalization in context of India.

3) India and LIN

4) Role of the international organizations

• LIN

• WHO

• UNESCO

• ILO

• UNICEF

• World Bank (IBRD)

5) India and foreign policy

• Principles of India's foreign policy

• International understanding and World peace.

• Non alignment policy.

• Panchsheel

• Di sarmament

• Relation with neighbouring countries and SAARC

UNIT 3 Project and activities

• To create information related to problems faced by the World (with reference material)

• Show SAARC countries -in the World map.

• To collect information related to SAARC nations' conference.

• To organise meetings discussing Indo Pak relations

• To prepare a scrap book of flags and other information of SAARC countries.

• Role of India in SAARC nations' conference. (Prepare a note with the help of pictures photos, newspaper cuttings)

• Prepare an album showing the role played by India in development of India's neighbouring countries.

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